Palmitic Acid

Palmitic Acid

Palmitic Acid is a saturated fatty acid naturally found in palm oil, coconut oil, animal fats, and many plant oils. In cosmetics, it is commonly used as a thickener, emulsifier co-ingredient, surfactant raw material, and emollient.

Palmitic Acid

Description
INCI Name: Palmitic Acid
Chemical Formula: C₁₆H₃₂O₂
Appearance: White to off-white waxy flakes, beads, or powder.
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in oils and alcohols.
Origin: Can be derived from vegetable oils (commonly palm oil) or animal fats.
Benefits
1. Thickening Agent
Increases the viscosity of creams and lotions.
Helps create richer, more luxurious textures.
2. Emollient
Helps soften and smooth the skin.
Reduces moisture loss by supporting the skin's barrier.
3. Emulsion Stabilization
Works with emulsifiers to improve stability.
Helps prevent separation of oil and water phases.
4. Foam Enhancement
Commonly used in soaps and cleansers to improve foam quality and creaminess.
5. Opacifying Effect
Gives formulations a more opaque, creamy appearance.
6. Structural Agent
Adds body and consistency to sticks, balms, and creams.
Typical Usage Rates
Product Type Usage Rate
Creams & lotions 1–5%
Rich creams/butters 3–10%
Cleansers 1–5%
Soap bars 3–15%
Lip balms 1–10%
Deodorant sticks 2–10%
Hair conditioners 0.5–3%
Formulation Notes
Usually added to the oil phase and heated to melt completely.
Typical melting point is around 62–64°C.
Often used alongside fatty alcohols such as Cetyl Alcohol and Stearyl Alcohol for enhanced thickening.
Can react with alkalis (such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) to form soaps.
Advantages
Cost-effective thickener.
Improves cream stability.
Provides a rich skin feel.
Naturally derived options are widely available.
Versatile across skin care, hair care, and cleansing products.
Typical Recommendation

For a standard facial cream, 1–3% Palmitic Acid is often used to add body and improve texture without making the formula overly heavy. For richer body creams and butters, 3–5% is common.